![]() Defaults to an empty string (no substitutions). This represents the letters that should be switched on the plugboard (or Steckerbrett). A string containing a list of pairs of letters separated by spaces. A string which represents the reflector type used. An array of integers which represent the ring settings (or Ringstellung) of the rotors. An array of integers which represent the positions of the rotors. Therefore the left-most rotor will not rotate. If the Enigma Machine is initialized with four rotors, it is assumed the left-most rotor is a Beta/Gamma rotor in an M4. The array expects 3 items (to simulate the Wehrmacht Enigma I or Kriegsmarine M3) or 4 items (for the Kriegsmarine M4). Kriegsmarine M4, fourth rotor, didn't rotate, used with thin reflectors An array of strings which represent the rotor types to use in which position (left to right). The original curator of the Bletchley Park Museum, and Secretary of the Bletchley Park Heritage Society.Enigma(rotors, positions, ringSettings, reflector, plugboardPairs) To see how these rotors played their role in Enigma encipherment, continue to this page with an example of the basic Enigma at work.įurther technical and historical information will appear shortly, together with an on-line Enigma simulator incorporating these permutations. Bauer's excellent book Decrypted Secrets, (Second edition, Springer, 2000) You will find that it agrees with the table of rotors and reflectors given on page 113 of F. This information was compiled by Tony Sale from the Enigma machines in the Bletchley Park Museum. The beta and gamma rotors, introduced in 1942 to complicate the U-boat Enigma, could only be used in the fourth position and so did not have knock-on effects. These points can be specified in terms of which letter appears in the window when the knock-on occurs:Īt Bletchley Park the letters R, F, W, K, A were impressed on the cryptanalysts' minds by the mnemonic: Royal Flags Wave Kings Above. ![]() The rotors also differed in where they had the effect of knocking on the slower-moving rotor to the left. Technical specifications of the stepping mechanism (AF) (BV) (CP) (DJ) (EI) (GO) (HY) (KR) (LZ) (MX) (NW) (TQ) (SU) KEYWORDS: Enigma, Railway Enigma, rotor wiring, multi-notch machines, rotor classes, computer simulations. The reflectors of the Enigma can be specified most easily in the cycle representation: Technical specifications of the Enigma reflectors To trace the effect of the rotors in this stage you must apply the inverses of the permutations in the tables. The Enigma encryption process also involves the current passing back again, rightwards, through the rotors. Note that the tables are set out so as to specify how the rotor transforms the input (current coming from the right) into output (sending current to the left). These tables specify the effect of the rotors when the ring setting is A, and when the rotor is also at position A. (AELTPHQXRU) (BKNW) (CMOY) (DFG) (IV) (JZ) (S) These permutations can also be given in the cycle representation: These are the permutations performed by the rotors: Technical specifications of the Enigma rotors ![]() ![]() Gives the detailed technical specifications of the Enigma rotors (or wheels), and reflectors. This is a supplementary page for Tony Sale's sequence of pages on the Enigma, The Enigma Rotors Technical Specification of the Enigma
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